Friday, August 18, 2023

Blame Canada

One of the fundamental characteristics of youth is ignorance. I say that not as a criticism but simply as a statement of fact. Young people, simply virtue of being young, lack knowledge, experience, and the wisdom that (hopefully) comes with them (though, to be fair, older people have only a marginally better track record on the wisdom front). 

This was certainly true of me as a kid. My own attempts at making sense of the world of my childhood were frequently thwarted by a combination of naivety and ignorance, not to mention my sheltered suburban upbringing. Consequently, there were a lot of events going on around me that I didn't understand or didn't understand fully.

A supreme example of this is the moral panic known today as the "Satanic Panic." If you search through the more than 4000 posts on this blog, you'll find very few dedicated to the discussion of this topic, despite the fact that, for many roleplayers of my age or slightly younger, the Satanic Panic occurred smack dab in the middle of their introduction to the hobby. The lack of posts here on the topic is because, while I was certainly aware that some people somewhere believed that Dungeons & Dragons was diabolical, it was not a belief I encountered in my own life – quite the opposite, in fact.

With four decades of hindsight, it all seems very silly, but that's the nature of moral panics, whether they be about rock music, comic books, switchblades, or, as in this case, Dungeons & Dragons. To the extent that I had any thoughts about the Satanic Panic, I assumed that it must originated in the American South among those people, because who else would believe something so patently absurd? As I said, the young are ignorant, their understanding of the world sometimes skewed based on the prejudices of their elders. 

Because the Satanic Panic always seemed so far away from me and my friends, I never really understood its actual origins – that is, until recently. The other day, I was reading something online and came across a startling (to me) fact: the proximate cause of the Panic was a 1980 book, published not in the United States but in Canada. The book, entitled Michelle Remembers, supposedly recounted the therapy of a woman called Michelle Smith under the guidance of psychiatrist Lawrence Pazder in Victoria, British Columbia. During these sessions, Smith "remembered" her abuse as a child at the hands of a Satanic cult that included her own mother among its members.

I say that Smith "remembered," because what Smith claimed to recall were the fruits of recovered-memory therapy, an extremely dubious form of psychotherapy that involves, among other things, hypnosis and the use of barbiturates to "recover" memories of past events supposedly so traumatic that the conscious mind suppresses them. To call recovered-memory therapy a pseudoscience is probably generous, but, at the time the book was published, it was relatively unknown and thus treated seriously by the credulous media outlets that helped spread Smith's absurd accusations.

And spread it they did. Though published in Canada, Michelle Remembers gained a lot of publicity through the popular American periodical People, not to mention that trusted purveyor of truth, the National Enquirer. Smith's story circulated widely and soon inspired others to come forward with their own concocted tales of abuse at the hands of Satanists. As so often happens in circumstances like this, the panic metastasized, its adherents purporting to find evidence of the fingerprints of hidden devil-worshippers on just about anything they didn't like, including Dungeons & Dragons.

I had never heard of Michelle Remembers. By the time I really became aware of the Satanic Panic, the book itself had long since been supplanted by other, even more lurid – but just as fabricated – claims about the demonic infiltration of Middle America. I do remember the 60 Minutes hit piece from 1985, but that had little to do with the book that released this ridiculous thought disease into the English-speaking world (I don't think the Satanic Panic had held much water elsewhere in the world, but I leave it to my readers to correct me). If I thought I'd learn anything useful from it, I might try to find a copy and read it, if only to come to a better understanding of something from my childhood whose origins I never really understood. Sadly, I doubt I'd gain much from the effort.

This is, of course, a joke. Everyone knows I love maple syrup.

50 comments:

  1. As much as I can remember, in early 80's Italy, when I started playing, there was no trace of satanic panic, nor did it appear later (we usually absorb american trends with a few years delay). There was some talk in the 90's regarding Vampire the Masquerade, mainly because many of its more invested players used to belong to "dark" and "goth" social groups, espcially those who LARPed. Altough Rona Jaffe's infamous "Mazes and Monsters" was translated and published in italian (with Farzetta's Death Dealer on the cover!) it was largerly ignored and considered just a poor work of fiction (good luck knowing about it's "true-crime" inspiration in the pre-internet era). I remember a couple of instances, one in the mid 00's, when the press tried to sensationalise teen suicides by tying them to roleplaying, a notion quickly dismissed by everybody, apart from the ultra-catholic fringes. A good friend of mine stopped playing because, as a Jehovah Witness, he could not dabble into anything containing magic or violence, even fictional. I remember being very sad and kind of irritated by the news, he was too, but also stoical in his belief it was for the greater good.

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  2. In the UK D&D was seen as seriously geeky and uncool. I would deny that I played it when asked by people outside of my playing group. My Mum's concerns about the game was that I was wasting my time on nonsense. The idea that it would in any way be seen satanic was laughable and the American idea that it was was a puzzle.

    However, your referencing of the book Michelle Remembers reminded me that there were a couple of fake satanic abuse scandals in the late 1980s in the UK one of them in Orkney. In the Orkney case there were arrests and charges but the trial lasted one day and the case was dismissed. That led to a public inquiry which concluded that the kids admitted that they made it up, social workers had been over zealous in associating objects and clothing with satanism and that there was the impression that some of the kids had been coached during their period in care after initial arrests. To the best of my recollection, D&D was not mentioned.

    A terrible business all round and I'm sure that the scars were felt for many years afterwards by those involved.

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    1. I was reminded of the same cases. There was a brief flurry of them from around 1988 to 1991 for some reason.

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  3. During the panic, D&D was actually banned at my school. It was my first lesson in how the media will distort facts in order to sell a story.
    A Canadian filmmaker has just made a documentary about the origins of the panic.
    https://www.victoriabuzz.com/2023/08/this-documentary-reveals-the-story-behind-the-victoria-born-satanic-cult-conspiracy/

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  4. During my teens in the 90s, Finland had a small-scale satanic worry sparked by a particularly gruesome murder by some black metal fans. But understandably enough it focused on the metal scene (Finland has a bonkers number of metal fans and bands, particularly death/black metal) and I recall the only people who also went after RPGs were religious groups that have regional influence but are not taken seriously nationwide. Still, many from my own cohort remember a youth pastor who toured schools warning kids about satanic occult drug-fueled goings-on that sure seemed a lot more impressive than what the actual guys in garage bands called Desecratorblade or whatever were getting up to, and RPGs and Warhammer were on his list of stuff to worry about. But that was always a minority position; most people, I think, were either completely unaware of roleplaying or thought it was odd but harmless.

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    1. If I might invert the usual meme, Desecratorblade is...not a good band name. Ye gods. There's a teenage folly that must be hard to live down. :)

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  5. I don't recall much in the way of Satanic Panic in the UK. There was a similar wave of hysteria and censorship surrounding "video nasty" horror films around the same time, but nothing similar about RPGs that I remember.

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    1. There were one or two news stories, as I recall, but it wasn't really a big deal. I had one (very religious) relative who wouldn't let her children play D&D.

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  6. The "Satanic Panic" about D&D never really hit the UK, but there have been numerous cases of the "recovered memories" of child abuse by Satanic cults, followed by conspiracy theories when the claims were demonstrated to be false.

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  7. I never realized there was a "Satanic Panic" until I was much older and it had become an historical event - except for one incident. One day in middle school we mentioned we played D&D to our beloved art teacher who responded with the reaction, "Oh no, that game is all about devil worship!" Devil worship? My best fried and I were altar boys. We weren't worshiping demons, we were KILLING them! :)

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  8. Lucky for us our society has matured so much since then that all the things we are collectively worrying about nowadays are real actual dangers.
    ;o)

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  9. Here in the Deep South, the Satanic Panic never ended. Just the other day, I overheard two moms talking at the grocery store - "I thought that 'Minecraft' game was pretty harmless, until he started talking about 'the Nether.'"

    Growing up in the 90's and 00's, D&D wasn't really on the radar in my town. But Pokémon, Harry Potter, and Eragon were all cause for stinks. I had the ironic blessing of atheist parents (which of course meant we were regularly accused of Satanism, too, especially when Mom started teaching hatha-yoga), but I had friends who were forbidden to read any kind of fantasy fiction (and one neighbor kid who would sneak over to our house to clandestinely read Eragon, until his mom found out).

    Only because of the Internet do I know that this is a (relatively) recent development, and considered a historical "event" in other parts of the world, and not a permanent feature of Christianity.

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  10. Not in full force, but those thoughts had still been around in the mid-90s. At least in Germany. I know this for a fact because we had a priest and his family living around the corner and their oldest son was a class mate. Since we had the same way home, we got to talking, which eventually had me raving about D&D (naturally). He seemed interested enough, so I've tried to recruit him (also, naturally). However, the next day he'd already tell me it won't happen since D&D was classified as one of those games with unsavory influence on children. Or so he'd been told by his mom, who'd gleaned it from a (Christian) book about those things. Not so much hyperbole, and a little more simple in its approach, it still was Christian propaganda, fighting the old evil from the eighties. He never even cared to try it out.

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  11. I still chuckle at the old ‘Satanic panic’ label. Was there a media obsession with Satanism? Sure. That’s likely because in the 70s, the occult and supernatural were all the rage in pop culture and movies (The Exorcist, Carrie, The Omen, etc). In the ‘Decade of Realism’, that sort of thing went down easier than werewolves and mummies. Naturally the media in general would jump on board and get what it could out of this trend. I recall the national news having special broadcasts about Satanism in America, and our local news stations would have stories about sacrificial rights and Satanic altars found on desolate country roads. Heck, Geraldo ‘Al Capone’s Tomb’ Rivera even had a special broadcast one night about the danger posed by America’s growing Satanic obsession.

    D&D, however, was hit by more than ‘Satanic Panic.’ It was a full broadside coalition generated by the media that included, but was not limited to, fundamentalists. It also included doctors, psychologists, educators, behavioral experts, parents’ groups and similar. They were paraded across news broadcasts, specials, talk shows, and similar outlets sounding the warning bells against this odd and thoroughly dangerous pastime. We even had teachers warn us about the possible dangers this game posed. Eventually Hollywood jumped in. Initially Hollywood seemed ambivalent, even curious, about this strange hobby. But by the mid-80s, it increasingly was peddling the ‘game for freaks’ template.

    When people fire back at this recollection and say it was only those rascally fundamentalist religious types who upset the D&D fad, I ask them to explain the success in hamstringing the game’s popularity. I remember vividly that by the time I graduated in 1985, the majority of guys who were playing it a few years earlier didn’t just stop playing, but would deny ever hearing about the game (when I first heard of it c. 1980, there was no ‘stigma’, and as many varsity jocks and cool kids were playing it as the more stereotypical ‘nerds’). Compared to that, however, those same fundamentalists were also running about telling teens not to have sex, drink, or smoke. Yet they were routinely ignored. Why did those lone fundamentalists suddenly wield such influence where D&D was concerned, while failing on every other level?

    Answer? They didn’t. We got to see first hand what happens when the press is able to amass a large coalition across multiple institutions and interest groups in order to further a narrative. It appears, to me at least, to be a lesson the press has more than honed over the years.

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    1. That corresponds with my memories of the era pretty well. It wasn't just the religious nutters, not on the national level. The media hype was a Big Deal, especially that damned 60 Minutes piece. That was the point where I first realized the news media could just plain lie about anything they wanted and get away with it. A good lesson to learn young.

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  12. Did the D&D Satanic Panic adversely affect anyone in a substantial/non-trivial way? I vaguely remember hearing about priests burning D&D books in the early 80s, but the panic never really had any impact on me or my gaming friends. Seems like just another footnote in history that didn't do much more than add "local color" to a brief window in time.

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    1. My circle of friends in middle/high school (our district was one of those freakshows that lumped 7-12 into one building) lost two players to parental bans stemming from the panic, both of whom had their books destroyed. The big gaming club in teh next city over lost almost a dozen, although in that case it was a combination of D&D misinformation and rampant 80s homophobia, one of the main GMs being so flamingly out he practically set off fire alarms. I'll give him credit for taking no BS from anyone - he stayed at the club through it all - but a few years later he was caught with a minor (one of his players), which left my image of him pretty tarnished. The guy was in his late thirties by then, which is Not Okay by my book.

      Didn't make the homophobes right, just made him wrong - and Satan had nothing to do with it.

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  13. Im reminded, slightly off topic, by this event. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_witch_trials

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  14. There were no executions as a result of the satanic panic, though. ;)
    If you include the recovered memory BS, people's lives were ruined, though not ended.
    I never experienced the panic at first hand. The wife of one of my player's wouldn't allow us to play at his house because of it, but was in the nineties.

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  15. Grew up in NOVA. Never encountered it either. By the very early 80s, D&D clubs and after-school games in the School Library became a thing.

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  16. I grew up in the small, church-studded (one Catholic, one LDS, and a bunch of assorted Protestant) mountain community of Rye, Colorado. My high school graduation class in 1988 had 44 students in it. There was no Satanic panic whatsoever in Rye. I'm not sure that I had even heard of it until sometime after I graduated.

    It was a nice time and place: No internet (even TV reception was extremely spotty!), no crime (our one police officer's sole job was to give speeding tickets to teenage boys), no politics, and religion was something you did for an hour on Sunday mornings.

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    1. Looking at 2022 stats, it appears your old high school (I'm assuming there's just the one) had a graduating class of about 50 people, and the school as a whole is above both district and state standards in math, literacy and particularly science. Congrats to them on containing population growth so well. My own (thoroughly rural) class of '84 had 121 people, just under half of the 2022 count. So many new housing developments in town, and they're still building more as people flee Albany's demographic shifts. One of the drawbacks of having an ample and relatively non-polluted water supply, I suppose.

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    2. Get rid of the church too and you might have 19th century communal utopia XD

      Always remember that Satanic Panic eras are brought on as a _reaction_ from paranoid religious people. They're using Supernatural Terrorism as a fascist tool to push their cultural relativist "access to the one truth" and Evil Radar into the world at-large.

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  17. The Satanic Panic did surface here and there in Maryland back in the day. Sometime after my friends and I had stopped playing in the 80s I saw a story on local news, probably WBAL, where a young newsreader barely able to contain her contempt reported on a "death game" called Dungeons and Dragons that was making misfit weirdo kids kill each other and themselves. My reaction was to sit there and think "...What the fuck is a 'death game'?"

    I also encountered a couple of Christian bullies in middle school, one of whom told me that D&D was created by Satanists "for homos" who were going to rape and kill me. His friend, who was less of a bully by habit, didn't go that far but did tell me I was going to Hell for playing it. These guys weren't hicks, but churchgoing rich kids, and also among the very few white racists I'd encountered up to that point, though they kept it (barely) hidden and so were accepted as "normal" by the general run of classmates.

    The effect it all had on me was to teach me that 1) local news was not to be respected and that 2) when others' religious beliefs were used to get in my way or bully me, they too were not to be respected.

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  18. I'm grateful to see so many people here congratulating themselves on defeating the satanic panic so that we could enjoy the wonderfully moral, safe, and free society that we now enjoy. Sincerely, You-Know-Who.

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  19. I grew up in Northwestern Indiana, which at the time was a century ahead of the rest of Indiana (not that that is saying much). It was worse to the south, but we were lucky enough to avoid most of it until the beginning of my Senior year of high school.

    That's when a priest or minister went and convinced the high school principal that D&D was satanic, so he summarily cancelled the D&D Club that had quietly been running under the guidance of a teacher since it had evolved out of the defunct wargamers club in the late 70s.

    All it really meant was that we ended up playing at the local hobby shop instead of in the school, and lost the adult supervision of the sponsoring teacher/primary dungeon master. That stung, as Mr. Strange was a very good DM and ran his games in the City State.

    There were also a handful of guys who could never play with us for religious reasons, but no one ever harangued us about it.

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    1. Mr. Strange? This is before he went back to school for his doctorate, I take it? Having a sorcerer for a GM sounds pretty intense, no wonder the principal was worried.

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    2. Yeah, he didn't like the jokes, though the comparisons in those days, long before the MCU, were few and far between. He was the Anatomy and Physiology teacher and took care of the various animals in the school's lab area - mice, frogs, snakes, etc.. Big, stout, redheaded man, looked nothing like the Sorcerer Supreme, mote like a lumberjack.

      He was a GREAT Dungeon Master, I learned a lot about running the game at his table. I discovered the City State and the Wilderlands because he ran his games using Judges Guild. He also used Thieves World's Sanctuary near the end. His style was very laissez faire, let us run around doing anything, giving us plenty of opportunity to do ourselves in without any help on his part.

      He had a huge briefcase -- what we called an "ox box" back then-- filled with all the AD&D books, plus a woodgrain and the LBB supplements, the early City State booklets with the huge map, and tons of dice in Crown Royal bags. He also photocopied sections of the City State players map that you could buy from vendors, and gasps printed up a ton of Dungeon Dollars in copper, silver, gold, gem, jewel, and magic item denominations (experience showed him that kids often lied about the treasures they had).

      I still have some of those maps and a wad of Dungeon Dollars. I printed up a bunch of my own Dungeon Dollars back when I regularly ran D&D for kids at game stores.

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    3. Sounds pretty awesome.

      Pardon my ignorance, but what is a woodgrain in this context?

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    4. I assume "woodgrain" is a reference to the very first printing of OD&D, which came in a brown box with faux woodgrain paneling.

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    5. Indeed, the earliest set of original D&D. Sadly, Mr. Strange passed away long ago, long before I'd had the cognizance of the fact that he was probably one of the earliest adopters of D&D in the area. I would love to have heard his stories about those early days.

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  20. My mother bought D&D for me back in 1981 thinking it would keep me out of trouble. We were short of players so she joined the table. My favorite memory is the story she told about her car pool group. One day she was driving and one woman in the back seat starting telling the others about this satanic D&D game that they needed to keep away from their kids. My mother said, "I play D&D!" There was dead silence. It was never brought up again on their car pool trips.

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  21. So called PI William Dear's book The Dungeon Master certainly didn't help any...In Western NY the only Satanic Panic exposure was on TV. Mainly The 700 Club and another evangelical TV show I can't remember. I recall them interviewing someone who claimed the books taught you how to cast spells and to commune with Satan. They ran an 800 support line in the chyron that you could call if your child played D&D.

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  22. I read Michelle Remembers back in the day. I don't think D&D or role-playing games come up, perhaps because the book came out before such games were commonly known about and connected to the occult.

    Embarrassed to admit I enjoyed the book despite some harrowing descriptions of being locked in closets and forced to drink one's own urine. It fed into childhood fears and beliefs and did offer a happy ending. As a fake it beat Amityville Horror, anyway.

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  23. We had to talk our parents into continuing to let us play. It was an interesting trial. Killing thousands of Japanese and Germans playing "war" was fine but orcs always seem to find themselves on the protected species list just when you think you've finally done with the pests.

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  24. well my folks had no love for the hobby, it wasn't on those grounds but on my somewhat obsessive nature (bipolar does that). My GRANDPA however visited once, saw me drawing maps, asked what I was doing, and recoiled in horror at the idea of Dungeons and Dragons...he and my grandma were crazy nut Praize Jeezis religious types and always were nutjobs themselves.

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  25. I remain convinced that the greatest harm done by the Satanic Panic was not so much keeping people from playing D&D, but poisoning so much of the hobby against Christianity.

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    1. Likely, and, as I said above, unfairly true. If anything, it should have poisoned it against the news media. But it appears even in the midst of the media generated backlash, even those within the business side of the hobby saw only the religious fundamentalist element.

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    2. TBF, the secular media dropped it once it wasn't a hot story anymore. It was just a flavor of the month scary story to sell ads with, and there was no real substance behind it to sustain more stories, after Dear and Pulling and Radecki's lies and fables ran out. Whereas the religious folks bashing it continues to a lesser extent up to this day. Pat Robertson, for example, would still periodically mention it within the last decade.

      I've gamed with some lovely Christians in my years in the hobby. I don't take the fundamentalist/evangelical movement to be representative of the faith as a whole, though that movement (and particularly its political manifestations) has worked hard to earn its criticism.

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    3. Shimrod, again the problem remains - those same religious fundamentalist types also yelled about sex, drugs, smoking and the like, and were frequently ignored. Why then did all those kids suddenly say 'the religious fundamentalists say this is of the devil - oh no, I have to stop!'. The press did drop it by the mid 80s, but by then the damage was done. As I've said, about 1/4 of the guys in my school were playing it (or similar games) when I first heard of it in 1981. By 1985 (the year of the 60 Minutes segment), most had stopped. Not only did they not play, but many denied ever playing. It might not be the press's vast assault was dropped it because of lack of advertising interest. It could be the press dropped it because mission accomplished.

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    4. The press had no "mission" but advertising dollars. Or in some cases even the truth, of which of course there was none behind any allegations of danger in RPGs.

      As opposed to credulous parents and school administrators pressured by local religious authorities, who did have a mission: To protect kids from a fictitious threat.

      As for the timing, there's a really good question there. We know from historical sales figures that the fad period of D&D sales ran from late 1979 (following the publicity of the James Dallas Egbert III incident) through 1983. After that, sales started to nosedive. How much of that was simply market saturation and the end of the fad and how much the satanic panic contributed to that is really hard to say.

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    5. There's also a logistical component to RPG playing that smoking, drinking, or other drugs don't have, in that it's harder to hide from your parents and do out in the woods or wherever. The books, especially for kids back then, would be easier to spot and take away. Whereas cigarettes and alcohol were ubiquitous in most places.

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    6. I don’t remember hiding cigarettes or other youthful paraphernalia being any easier than hiding D&D books. And many kids I knew who played it played it at this or that house, or even rented rooms in local businesses, far away from their parents. To be honest, one of the sledgehammers from the media I recall was the movie Mazes and Monsters (probably not coincidently released the year before sales begin to dive). I noticed in that movie, the players were not portrayed as good, normal, popular kids who went bad from playing the game. They were portrayed in classic 'only geeks, outcasts and kids with problems would play it in the first place’. I can still recall the discussions in the cafeteria when we got back to school (I think it was aired over a school break IIRC). It, too, had a big impact on the classmates (in those days, TV movies were often a topic of conversation among the kids). But so did the endless doctors, specialists, mental health experts, newscasters and others who came out to say this was a dangerous pastime. In fact, it was their testimonies, as much as any, that appeared to impact local school authorities and parents. Not so much the religious factor. Not that the religious angle didn’t matter for any parents. I’m sure for some it did. But for most of the teachers I remember and other parents, it was the authoritative testimony of experts insisting the game would harm their children that was the attention getter. As for the kids, it appeared to be that the media/pop culture presentation went from Elliott’s cool older brother playing it in E.T., to the more ‘only icky loser types would play it’ by about 82’s M&M. Oh, and the agenda could have been money for the press, or simply ginning up hysteria, which the press isn’t exactly averse to doing. But by the end of the 60 Minutes broadcast of 85, the damage was clearly done.

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    7. You don't think hiding or obtaining cigarettes or alcohol in that period was easier than RPG books? That's very strange to me. Maybe it's a regional thing? I was in the Northeast US.

      I don't remember this "endless" parade of secular experts you talk about. I remember Radecki the fraud very clearly. And Pulling selling her services to local police departments across the country as an "expert" on cult activity. Can you name some of the others?

      ET came out in June of 1982 and the Mazes & Monsters TV movie six months later, in December. Both were at the height of the fad. Rona Jaffe's novel is from the year before, all of which seems contradictory to your suggested chronology. And of course Jaffe's novel was inspired by William Dear's sensationalist and publicity-seeking fabrications and speculation and written to cash in on that legend.

      And as I noted before, D&D sales started a steep descent in 1984, a year before the 60 minutes nonsense.

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    8. Well, you have me at a disadvantage if you want me to remember the names and identities of various individuals who were featured in news stories from over forty years ago. Please understand, I’m not saying there was no fundamentalist satanic panic angle. Though even then, it was only known on the national stage because of the media coverage. I didn’t go to church then, but knew about it by way of educators and news stories.

      When I first heard of D&D my freshman year of high school, I had already heard of the 'satanic panic' insofar as it was a media generated hysteria about the rise of the occult and devil worship in the US. I also saw it applied to D&D. Yet I couldn’t help but notice that most kids didn’t seem to care. Most other news coverage ranged from ambivalent local interest to rumors of suicide and violence connected to the game. ET shows that D&D was not initially seen in an exclusively negative way, as filming had begun in 1981. M&M marked a turn in negative portrayals that would become common across the media by the mid to late 80s. I vividly recall the discussion in school after that broadcast (in terms of how those playing it were portrayed, and also some of the girls talking about how cute the star was). I noted that the number of fellows playing dropped substantially over the next year or so. Additionally, something even as a teenager I thought was significant, some didn’t only stop playing but they tried to distance themselves from ever having played it in the first place. That didn’t strike me as fear of being labeled a devil worshipper.

      As I said above, by the time the 60 Minutes segment aired, the damage was done. But the hysteria was enough for 60 Minutes to still cover it. Was there a fundamentalist angle? Sure. But only made possible by coverage from the media in the first place. Coverage that, by the mid-80s, was universally negative whether from a religious perspective or not. Hence why, in the autumn of 1983 my junior year, our biology teacher gathered the team (he was also a coach) and warned us about playing it, while announcing he would no longer let his boys play it. How he planned on policing them he didn’t say. But it wasn’t because of the devil, but because of the clinical and behavioral concerns that, by then, were becoming ubiquitous across all media coverage.

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  26. Thanks for the article, and for your site, James. The "Satanic Panic" is always an interesting topic to discuss/debate. Glad to see some insightful comments to balance out the... others. Speaking as a lifelong D&D devotee, as well as a devout Christian from the American South.

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  27. I just wanted to share some of what I have seen and understood about the Satanic Panic regarding D&D but also things like movies, books, and tv shows with magic in them, music (either just heavy metal or sometimes all popular music outside of the Christian music industry, and sometimes even including " Christian Rock"), martial arts, yoga, even things like fortune cookies and horoscopes, and tons of other things I can't think of but am sure exist. It comes down to basically Paranoia, and the Victim Mentality. The Devil is The Boogeyman, and he is out to get you anyway he can. It's as old as our ancestors who planted crops and believed that the weather and the results of the harvest depended on the whims of the gods and if they were angered or worshipped properly. What I have seen is people who believe there is an invisible war going on between spiritual forces of good and evil that determines whether good things or bad things happen to them basically. It is superstitious belief, they may not recognize it as such, and the evil invisible spiritual forces will "get" you if you are not careful. D&D and these other things mentioned, even if you dont consciously worship Satan, will still give the devil some kind of invisible power over your wellbeing and what happens in your life. So if you get a naturally occurring disease, oh it's because the power of Satan through D&D took your health away. If you lose your job, it's God's way of punishing you for giving your life to Satan by playing D&D. And if something good happens to you like you become rich and famous, well that's because Satan is giving you his power through playing D&D so that you will stay loyal to D&D and cause others to fall into D&D where the devil can ruin their lives. I don't believe all Christians think this way, I'm sure most don't, but I have seen this way of thinking which is partly why some people can still be against D&D in spite of the evidence.

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